What does the "ABC" approach in patient assessment prioritize?

The "ABC" approach in patient assessment prioritizes Airway, Breathing, and Circulation because these are the critical components of a systematic assessment that focuses on maintaining life and preventing further deterioration. This method is foundational in both emergency medicine and patient care, as it ensures that the most vital functions are assessed and managed first.

Assessing the airway involves checking if there is any obstruction that would prevent air from entering the lungs. Breathing is then evaluated to ensure that oxygen is being adequately exchanged and that the patient is ventilating properly. Finally, circulation is assessed to confirm that blood is circulating effectively, which is essential for delivering oxygen and nutrients to tissues.

By prioritizing these three elements, healthcare providers can quickly identify life-threatening conditions and respond promptly to stabilize the patient. This approach is a fundamental aspect of patient safety and is applicable across various settings, including pre-operative assessments in the operating room.